Secondary vs. Source Literature: Two Different Citing Styles within a Document

2
  • edited May 13, 2011
    I am trying to follow adamsmiths' instructions about changing the language of Zotero citing style:

    http://citationstyles.org/downloads/specification.html#locale
    http://www.zotero.org/support/dev/citation_styles/style_editing_step-by-step

    https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales/blob/master/locales-de-DE.xml

    I got the point to some extent... But I don't understand how can I edit the locale file? Through the test pane? I tried so, but there isn't any locale file (similar to the one with the German example) there under the style I want to modify (There is only the beginning line: <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="en">, and when I change the "en" to "de" then I get the German citations below, but there is no exact language file that I can modify). Do simply I don't have any idea where can I modify the language settings (locale or whatever...) for my Style.

    I looked in the manual: http://citationstyles.org/downloads/specification.html#locale, but I still don't understand where the language file should stay...
  • I tried to copy-paste the german version from the last link in the test pane, tried to change some parameters, but it doesn't cause any difference in the output (I simply get the english version). The first lines look like this:

    <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="la">
    <style>
    <locale xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" version="1.0" xml:lang="la">
    <style-options punctuation-in-quote="false"/>
    (...)
  • You need to edit your style (a .csl file) with a plain text editor (Read these instructions), save it and install it.
    The test pane is only for... testing purpose!

    After this line
    <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" version="1.0" class="note" default-locale="de-DE"

    Add something like that (with terms corresponding to your needs - here "in" and "page"):

    <locale xml:lang="de">
    <terms>
    <term name="in">in</term>
    <term name="page" form="short">
    <single>p.</single>
    <multiple>pp.</multiple>
    </term>
    </terms>
    </locale>
  • OK, but if I understand the things correctly, through the test pane I cen see the result instantly, without having to instal the modified style?

    Now, the first line you sent me doesn't show me any result (SyntaxError - illegal XML character). The first line in the file is:

    <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="de-DE">

    Than I pasted the whole file from: https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales/blob/master/locales-de-DE.xml (the german locale)

    then changed the name to la-LA (for latin) (the first two lines):

    <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="la-LA">
    <locale xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" version="1.0" xml:lang="la-LA">

    but then the output is the english locale... simply all the modifications between:
    <locale xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" version="1.0" xml:lang="la-LA"> and </locale> are not recognized.
  • OK, but if I understand the things correctly, through the test pane I cen see the result instantly, without having to instal the modified style?
    Yes but your changes won't be saved.
    Than I pasted the whole file from: https://github.com/citation-style-language/locales/blob/master/locales-de-DE.xml (the german locale)
    then changed the name to la-LA (for latin) (the first two lines):
    Dont' do that. You're not on the right way.

    1) In the test pane, find the line
    <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="de-DE">
    2) After this line, there should be an "inflo" block: <info>blah blah blah</info>
    3) After this block, you will add your abbreviations:
    <locale xml:lang="de">
    <terms>
    <term name="in">dans</term>
    <term name="page" form="short">
    <single>p.</single>
    <multiple>pp.</multiple>
    </term>
    </terms>
    </locale>

    In my example above, I decide to use "dans" instead of "in" and "p." as the single page abbreviation and "pp." as the multiple page abbreviation.


    Try... And don't forget that everything you're doing in the test pane won't be saved. To save and install a style, follow these guidelines
  • Thank you! Trying...
  • I did as you said, but it's simply not working. I have the first line:

    <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="la">

    and after </info> your example:

    <locale xml:lang="la">
    <terms>
    <term name="in">dans</term>
    <term name="page" form="short">
    <single>p.</single>
    <multiple>pp.</multiple>
    </term>
    </terms>
    </locale>

    But the output stays the same (the english version with "in" and without p. and pp.).

    It is interesting that when I write de-DE in the first line - I get the german version automatically without any written locale stuff in the file.

    I don't know if this is important, but I am modifying the Chicago style (full note with bibliography, no ibid, dev).
  • edited May 13, 2011
    Just a clarification:
    I'm not completely sure but you should replace <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="note" xml:lang="de-DE">
    by <style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl"; class="note"
    default-locale="de-DE">
    (on a single line)

    Explanation: "default-locale" tells the processor which language file should be used. In this example, that's German from Germany: "locales-de-DE.xml"
    Step 3 in my last post lets you change some terms for your style. The processor will use in priority these terms, and then the "locales-de-DE.xml" terms.

    From the specs:
    The cs:locale elements are typically only used in styles to redefine the localization data provided via the "locales-xx-XX.xml" files, and these may include only the localization data that should be redefined.
  • You're mixing up CSL 0.8.1 and 1.0. See http://www.zotero.org/styles/mhra for an example of redefining terms in a CSL 0.8.1 style, and take a look at http://www.zotero.org/support/dev/citation_styles.
  • That's because there is no "locales-la.xml": no latin locales. Don't use « "xml:lang="la" »

    I assumed that you need minor abbreviations change and that you were relying on de-DE. Use "en" if you're writing in English ("en-US" or "en-GB")
  • I write in German, but need the Latin abbreviation pack. Actually I prefer the German variant as a basis...
  • @Rintze: Does this mean that the "Chicago style (full note with bibliography, no ibid, dev)" is a CSL 0.8.1 Style? And that if I want to change it I should use the scheme from your example?
  • @Rintze. Oops... Indeed

    @michopop: Rintze will correct me if i'm wrong but that's not so different here.
    <terms>
    <locale xml:lang="de">
    <term name="in">dans</term>
    <term name="page" form="short">
    <single>p</single>
    <multiple>pp</multiple>
    </term>
    </locale>
    </terms>

    "terms" is before "locale". MHRA is a good example as Rintze said: http://www.zotero.org/styles/mhra
  • edited May 13, 2011
    From the page I linked to:
    CSL 0.8.1 and 1.0 styles can be easily distinguished by looking at the cs:style element at the top of the style. CSL 1.0 styles include a version attribute on this element with a value of “1.0”, e.g. ”<style xmlns="http://purl.org/net/xbiblio/csl" class="in-text" version="1.0">”. CSL 0.8.1 styles lack the version attribute. "
    And to make sure your edited style is correct, it's strongly recommended to use validation: http://www.zotero.org/support/dev/citation_styles.#validation
  • Thanks to the both! I am starting to get the point... I am continuing tomorrow with this.

    PS. Is there a possibility to create a new locales-xx-XX.xml with the Latin abbreviation pack? How could I do something like this? (for example on the basis of the existing German one)
  • edited May 13, 2011
    PS. Is there a possibility to create a new locales-xx-XX.xml with the Latin abbreviation pack? How could I do something like this? (for example on the basis of the existing German one)
    From a practical point of view, you just need a text editor. Copy and paste the German one. Replace the strings. Save as "locales-la-LA.xml" (or "la-RO" for Rome?!??)

    But is it really needed? Rintze (and others csl devs)?
  • There are crazier things than an all Latin locale - I'd be for including it. I would start from the English one, though, which already has a lot of Latin terms.
  • I did it!!! Thanks for the help, guys!
  • Getting back to the original topic of the thread: What are the chances of including a checkbox "source literature / classical work" in Zotero? Many historians need to use different citation syles for the two classes. So far, I have seen this feature only in LitLink: http://www.litlink.ch/index.php (but that only works with Microsoft or Apple-Operating systems).

    My workaround for now is, to use the note-field as a marker:

    <layout suffix=".">
    <choose>
    <if variable="note">
    <-- printed sources -->
    ...
    </if>
    <else>
    <-- literature -->
    ...
    </else>
    </choose>
    </layout>


    But as always, workarounds suck. Using one specific entry type for sources does not work either: Sources can be printed in book sections, books, articles, on websites, ... So: Will there be a source-checkbox?
  • Legal styles also require this -- and apply different forms of the source nickname depending on the style. In styles for the multilingual experiment (MLZ), I ended up adding a "classic" item type to handle this, using the Abbreviations Plugin to produce an appropriate shorthand form for the item. A toggle would be preferable, though, so that such items can be cited in the ordinary way in other contexts (and accurately represented in metadata).
  • Hello,

    glad that someone reacted to my veeery late comment in this thread.
    So you added a new item type in Zotero that only your citation style can handle - correct? That doesn't sound like a solution for someone that is proud of just having programmed the first citation style. Obviously there won't be a How to for this. Could you direct me to any documentation that could help me figure out how to do stuff like that?

    Thanks,
    Pepe
  • Frank (fbennett) has his own fork of Zotero he codes - you _could_ move over to it http://citationstylist.org/tools/ but it's experimental and not supported by core Zotero. You can not do what he does by yourself - it includes modifications to several parts of Zotero's inner code.

    Otherwise you'lll just have to be patient - this is tricky to do. I'm still comfortable with a separate item type instead of a toggle. I don't see any reason why full metadata couldn't be saved - and cited when required by a citation style - or could the be one citation style that would require the same source cited in two different ways depending on context?
  • Hm, all the citation styles I know (that pose this problem) make a clear difference between edition of sources and scholarly literature, i.e. a text transcribed from parchments is source, the booksection that contains the editors introduction to that text is literature - independent from context of the citation. That would mean to make entries for two sections in one book however: The one authored by a mediaeval bishop, the other by a 19th century scholar.

    A seperate item type for sources won't work, I'm afraid: Sources - like literature - can be published in any number of ways. There are sources in conference papers, on websites, in booksections, in books, in joural articles, ... That might not be true for "classical works" (no one has ever seen an edition of Homer's Ilad in a journal article, I guess); they are printed in nice separate volumes with an introduction and that's it. But if you're dealing with charters from some little outback place in the 10th century, things get more complex than that. Basically, it would mean to introduce a "source"-version of every item type related to scholarly publishing.

    As I have said before: I used to use LitLink, liked it, but it didn't work out between us. But it had that checkbox I now so desperately miss: Everything worked just fine when handling sources and literature with that.
  • Hm, all the citation styles I know (that pose this problem) make a clear difference between edition of sources and scholarly literature, i.e. a text transcribed from parchments is source, the booksection that contains the editors introduction to that text is literature - independent from context of the citation. That would mean to make entries for two sections in one book however: The one authored by a mediaeval bishop, the other by a 19th century scholar.
    Right, but you'd have to do that anyway. When I looked at LitLink a while back, the one feature that stood out was that you can tie items - e.g. different parts of a book - together. While that's still generally planned for Zotero, we're talking two major versions out at least.
    A seperate item type for sources won't work, I'm afraid: Sources - like literature - can be published in any number of ways. There are sources in conference papers, on websites, in booksections, in books, in joural articles, ...
    examples? I'd want to get a better sense of what this looks like.
  • OK, first an example of scholarly literature - so you can get an idea what the citation style looks like:

    Footnotes:
    Bentley, Old World Encounters (1993).
    Hodder, Human-thing entanglement (2011).

    Bibliography:
    Jerry H. Bentley, Old World Encounters. Cross-Cultural Contacts and Exchanges in Pre-Modern Times. New York 1993.
    Ian Hodder, Human-thing entanglement: towards an integrated archaeological perspective, in: Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, N.S. 17, 2011, 154–177.

    Here are some examples for sources and documents - I'm afraid all of them in German or Latin:

    1. edition in journal:

    Footnotes:
    Raccolta di documenti. Ed. Barsocchini, nr. 636, 379.
    Urkunden zur Begründung der rechtlichen Verhältnisse Lucerns. Ed. Segesser / Schneller, nr. 1, 155.
    7 interessante Urkunden, nr. 1, 375. [these charters don't even have an editor]

    Bibliography:
    7 interessante Urkunden von 1138-1512, in: Der Geschichtsfreund. Mitteilungen des Historischen Vereins der Fünf Orte 1, 1844, 375-388.
    Raccolta di documenti per servire alla storia ecclesiastica lucchese. Ed. Domenico Barsocchini, in: Memorie e documenti per servire all’istoria del Ducato di Lucca 5.2, 1837, 1–646.
    Urkunden zur Begründung der rechtlichen Verhältnisse Lucerns bis zum Ausgange der Murbachischen Herrschaft. Ed. Philipp Anton von Segesser / Joseph Schneller, in: Der Geschichtsfreund. Mitteilungen des Historischen Vereins der Fünf Orte 1, 1844, S. 155-217

    2. edition as book sections:

    Footnotes:
    Antapodosis. Ed. Becker, lib. V, cap. 6, 133.
    Ordinarius. Ed. Lohse, 412.

    Bibliography:
    Antapodosis. Ed. Joseph Becker, in: MGH SS rer. Germ. 41. Hannover 1915, 1–158. [This one is part of a series of editions - so just the name of the series and the number is given if the edition does not cover the whole volume]
    Der Ordinarius von 1453. Ed. Tillmann Lohse, in: Tillmann Lohse, Die Dauer der Stiftung. Eine diachronisch vergleichende Geschichte des weltlichen Kollegiatstifts St. Simon und Judas in Goslar. (StiftungsGeschichten, Bd. 7) Berlin 2012, 383-468.


    3. edition in book sections:

    Footnotes:
    Drei fahrende Florentiner. Ed. Israel, 104.

    Bibliography:
    Drei fahrende Florentiner und ein heiliger Bozner. Treviso, um 1350. Ed. Uwe Israel, Migration und Konflikt in italienischen Städten (1350–1500), in: Michael Borgolte u. a. (Hrsg.), Das europäische Mittelalter im Geflecht der Welt. Integrative und desintegrative Effekte von Migrationen. Berlin 2012, 103–119, 104-107.


    4. edition as a book:

    Footnotes:
    Otto v. Freising, Chronik. Ed. Lammers / ‌Schmidt, lib. I, cap. 7, 72.
    Ottonis Chronica. Ed. Hofmeister, lib. I, cap. 7, 46.

    Bibliography:
    Otto Bischof von Freising, Chronik oder Die Geschichte der zwei Staaten. Ottonis Episcopi Frisingensis Chronica sive historia de duabus civitatibus. Ed. Walther Lammers, Übers. v. Adolf Schmidt. (Ausgewählte Quellen zur deutschen Geschichte des Mittelalters, Bd. 16.) Darmstadt 62011.
    Ottonis Episcopi Frisingensis Chronica sive historia de duabus civitatibus. Ed. Adolf Hofmeister. (MGH SS rer. Germ. 45.) Hannover 1912, online: http://www.mgh.de/dmgh/resolving/MGH_SS_rer._Germ._45_S._II (Zugriff am 11.04.2011).
    [Same series of editions as earlier, but now there's just one edition in the volume - so I have to give the title of the edition and indicate series and number in series in brackets]
  • Having a quick look, none of these primary sources look like they are cited any differently from secondary sources that don't have an author. We don't have this specific citation style in Zotero, but almost all of this is possible.
    The editors may be a little tricky - we don't have them for journal articles in Zotero and it would probably be hard to get them to print after the title in Zotero, but otherwise I don't really see how that wouldn't be possible already.
  • There are of course primary sources with an author that need to be citetd like this. (Otto of Freising in point 4 is an example). The problem is that source-editors (scholars preparing sources for publication - marked with "Ed.") and collection-editors (scholars preparing other scholars' papers for publication - marked with "(Hrsg.)") fullfill different tasks and are cited differently. There even is a third kind: works-editors prepare works of an author:

    Max Weber, Die „Objektivität“ sozialwissenschaftlicher und sozialpolitischer Erkenntnis, in: Max Weber, Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Wissenschaftslehre. Hrsg. v. Johannes Winckelmann. Tübingen 71988, 146–214.

    Winckelmann being the editor of Weber's works.

    I know that most of that is posslible already, I wrote a CSL-style that does most of what I need (besides the works-editor-issue, I need reprints, but that is another issue and seems to be on the way). But sources in Journals need a source-editor and sources in book sections need a source-editor and a collection editor (see above, point 3.). Plus it's not really helpful to have a CSL-style that you need to change your whole library for: If I'd pass on this style, everybody using it would have to empty all the note-fields and write something in the note-fields of sources. Right now, I have well over 200 source-items in my library and I'm only just starting. So that can be a pain to do.
  • Regardless of what we do, it seems to be that people will have to adjust their Zotero items, no? The point would be that the would only have to do it once. Or maybe I'm still not understanding the problem.

    The distinction between a source editor and a collection editor already exists in CSL as editor (source editor) and editorial-director (collection editor). Adding these to more item types and including them in citation styles would not be a huge change.

    Frank seems less worried about this, but to me it seems like a primary source toggle is both a huge amount of work to implement at all levels and in many ways a bit of a hack, so I'm not very happy with that option. If there are other ways to achieve the same result I'd much prefer those.
  • Right, people that need to make the distinction between source editors and collection editors (or primary sources and scholarly literature) should have to adjust thier items only once - so there needs to be an established way of doing it. If the distinction beween the two types of editors already exists in CSL, implementing it in zotero would solve the problem in about 99.9% of the cases (there may be edited sources without an identifiable editor that might pose a problem: If, in the style I have to use, there is a source author, he is given in plain letters, not in italics - the distinction would have to be triggered by the presence of a source editor). That sounds pretty good.

    The distinciton between works and sources would work as well: a book section with an author, a book author (identical with the author - but I can't check for that, right?) and a collection editor would be a work in the works of the author. A book with an author and a collection editor would be the works of the author.

    It also occured to me, that I'd need two different kinds of editor-entries anyway: How else could I make the distinction between Israel and Borgolte in my example under 3. (one being the source editor, the other being the collection editor)?

    As for me, I'd be very happy with including CLS's distinction of editors in Zotero. You would have to allow entries for both sorts of editors for all the item types related to scholarly publishing. What would be the time frame for such a change? (Hard to say, I guess. But: A month? A year? Five years? Next release?)

    Thanks so much for your patience!
  • Pepe - I'm very reluctant to give you a precise time frame. The (pretty realistic) hope would be the next major Zotero version (i.e. 3.5 - not 3.0.4). That means definitely not in the next month or two, but a fair chance to have a beta out before the end of the year.
    While including the fields (together with many other additions to fields and item types) in the next version is a stated goal of Zotero, the time-frame is my personal judgment, based on past experience and no inside knowledge of Zotero's release plans.
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