Sci-Hub as backfall
All translators should try Sci-Hub if they are not able to recieve a FullText PDF.
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"accessing copyrighted material via Sci-hub is certainly illegal in the US" but proposing an option to use sci-hub when the article is not accessible is not. And if you do have the right to access the copyrighted material, then sci-hub is not anymore illegal.
For example, in Switzerland, the State pay to have access to all major scientific source, then the regional library pay again, then the university library pay again... Arguably every citizen does have a right to access this copyrighted material but technical and administrative obstacle make it difficult.
Other simple use case: the authorisation system do no work (like 20% of the time) so sci-hub is your only option.
Then today there is a global fight https://www.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/news/details/voraussichtlich-keine-volltexte-von-zeitschriften-des-elsevier-verlags-ab-dem-112017/ . Sci-hub made it possible.
Zotero should be on the right side of this fight.
Zotero might be able to implement some features to check whether open access versions of papers are available (similar to https://openaccessbutton.org/ and http://unpaywall.org/), though.
Related to Zotero, I understand your position and I think this can be done in a plugin if someone is motivated.
Your comment about checking first if their is ant open access version is very smart. Without breaking the law, Zotero can "promote" open-access. This is a good direction to follow: "open-access first" until "open by default".
http://blog.impactstory.org/smash-interstellar-paywall/
I also don't think it's currently possible to add these to Standalone other than by editing engines.json manually. Is it? @dstillman
We can add a setting in the preference where you can add/remove lookup engine and set their order. By default it should use oadoi and other open-access search engine before failing back to "conventional" lookup.
You can check how it was supposed to work on this pull request (gif): https://github.com/Impactstory/oadoi/pull/1
P. S. I'm just a user and I'm not affiliated with Sci-hub or Zotero.
1) Making regular PDF download work from scihub the way j.cossio is trying. That's not specific to the site and as Dan says should already work.
2) Try to get a PDF from SciHub automatically if Zotero can't download it on the regular article page as suggested in the original post here. That one definitely won't happen from Zotero's end and if someone created an add-on, it would have the ad issue
(apart from the legal and ethical issues -- I'd certainly advise anyone who lives or wants to travel to/in any place where US or EU court rouling may be enforced to stay away from it)
iframe PDF saving is fixed, and the fix will be included in the next connector version (5.0.25).